The Solaris I Know

Upgrading firmware LOM and SB in SUN E2900

2010-05-26T11:46:52.056+07:00

Been a while since my last posting in this blog :D Now, I'm gonna show you how to upgrade firmware LOM and SB in SUN E2900. Even though these server no longer available to get the new one (end-of-life); here, in my project, there are lots of E2900 to be maintained. The user requested for an upgrade on the firmware ILOM due to the compatibility issue.First, we need to check on the existing versionlom>showboards -p vComponent Compatible Version--------- ---------- -------SSC1 Reference 5.20.3 Build_03/N0/IB6 Yes 5.20.3 Build_03/N0/SB0 Yes 5.20.13 Build_01/N0/SB2 Yes 5.20.3 Build_03/N0/SB4 Yes 5.20.6 Build_02lom>showsc -vSC: SSC1System Controller V2SC date: Fri Jan 15 02:16:00 PST 2008PST GMT-08:00 Pacific Standard TimeSC uptime: 6 minutes 26 secondsScApp version: 5.20.3 Build_03Version build: 3.0Version String: 5.20.3RTOS version: 46SC POST diag level: maxClock source is: 75MHzSolaris Host Status: Powered OffChassis HostID: 845xxxxxPROC RTUs installed: 0PROC Headroom Quantity: 0lom>lom>showboards -p version -vComponent Segment Compatible In Date Time Build Version--------- ------- ---------- -- ---- ---- ----- -------SSC1/FP0 - - - - - - RTOS version: 46SSC1/FP1 ScApp Reference 12 10/21/2006 06:38 3.0 5.20.3SSC1/FP1 Ver - - 10/21/2006 06:38 3.0 5.20.3 Build_03/N0/IB6/FP0 iPOST Yes 12 10/21/2006 06:36 3.0 5.20.3/N0/IB6/FP0 Ver - - 10/21/2006 06:38 3.0 5.20.3 Build_03/N0/IB6/FP0 Info - 12 10/21/2006 06:38 3.0 5.20.3/N0/SB0/FP0 POST Yes 12 06/04/2009 02:44 1.0 5.20.13/N0/SB0/FP0 OBP Yes 12 06/04/2009 02:43 1.0 5.20.13/N0/SB0/FP0 Ver - - 06/04/2009 02:46 1.0 5.20.13 Build_01/N0/SB0/FP0 Info - 12 06/04/2009 02:46 1.0 5.20.13/N0/SB0/FP1 POST Yes 12 06/04/2009 02:44 1.0 5.20.13/N0/SB0/FP1 OBP Yes 12 06/04/2009 02:43 1.0 5.20.13/N0/SB0/FP1 Ver - - 06/04/2009 02:46 1.0 5.20.13 Build_01/N0/SB0/FP1 Info - 12 06/04/2009 02:46 1.0 5.20.13/N0/SB2/FP0 POST Yes 12 10/21/2006 06:25 3.0 5.20.3/N0/SB2/FP0 OBP Yes 12 10/21/2006 06:21 3.0 5.20.3/N0/SB2/FP0 Ver - - 10/21/2006 06:29 3.0 5.20.3 Build_03/N0/SB2/FP0 Info - 12 10/21/2006 06:29 3.0 5.20.3/N0/SB2/FP1 POST Yes 12 10/21/2006 06:25 3.0 5.20.3/N0/SB2/FP1 OBP Yes 12 10/21/2006 06:21 3.0 5.20.3/N0/SB2/FP1 Ver - - 10/21/2006 06:29 3.0 5.20.3 Build_03/N0/SB2/FP1 Info - 12 10/21/2006 06:29 3.0 5.20.3/N0/SB4/FP0 POST Yes 12 05/23/2007 08:56 2.0 5.20.6/N0/SB4/FP0 OBP Yes 12 05/23/2007 08:54 2.0 5.20.6/N0/SB4/FP0 Ver - - 05/23/2007 08:57 2.0 5.20.6 Build_02/N0/SB4/FP0 Info - 12 05/23/2007 08:57 2.0 5.20.6/N0/SB4/FP1 POST Yes 12 05/23/2007 08:56 2.0 5.20.6/N0/SB4/FP1 OBP Yes 12 05/23/2007 08:54 2.0 5.20.6/N0/SB4/FP1 Ver - - 05/23/2007 08:57 2.0 5.20.6 Build_02/N0/SB4/FP1 Info - 12 05/23/2007 08:57 2.0 5.20.6Based on the info, we can see that the SB0 have version 5.20.13, SB2 have version 5.20.3 and SB4 have 5.20.6 firmware version. RTOS has firmware version 5.20.3 as well. In this case, i'm upgrading all the version to 5.20.14.1. Download Patch 114527-152. Save the file on an internal server (the server that is still a network with the server firmware to be upgraded.3. flashupdate -f ftp://root:root_password@ip_address_ftp_server///tmp/114527-15/114527-15 scapp rtosAs part of this update, the system controller will automatically reboot.RTOS will be upgraded automatically during the next boot.ScApp will be upgraded automatically during the next boot.Rebooting will interrupt any current operations.This includes keyswitch changes, Solaris rebootsand all current connections.Do you want to continue? [no] yesWaiting for critical processes to finish. This may take a while.Critical processes have finished.No boards can be updated.Rebooting the SC to automatically complete the upgrade.Rebooting. All network client connections closed. Reestablish any needed connections.Software Reset...@(#) SYSTEM CONTROLLER(SC) POST 46 2006/09/26 07:52PSR = 0x044010e5PCR = 0x04004000Memory size = 128MBSelfTest running at DiagLevel:0x20SC Boot PROM TestBootPROM CheckSum TestIU TestIU instruction set TestLittle endian access TestFPU TestFPU instruction set TestSparcReferenceMMU TestSRMMU TLB RAM TestSRMMU TLB Read miss TestS[...]

The History of SPARC Processor

2009-11-24T12:09:56.066+07:00

When we talk about Sun Microsystem’s hardware, SPARC will always be the first that come directly into our mind. Indeed, SPARC (Scalable Processor ARChitecture) has been Sun Microsystem’s flagship processor architecture for over note years.
With Sun’s dedication to innovation and flexibility, the processor had gone through many revisions over the years in an endeavor to stay on the cutting edge. Eighty-eight of the 500 super-computers in the world used SPARC by June 2002.

(image)
(image)

(image)

SCSA Certification

2009-11-17T13:22:48.960+07:00

Just like linux, Solaris is another “ derivative product” of UNIX. Even though Linux is more popular in UNIX market, having a SCSA (SUN Certified System Administration) certification will make you have a better income and grow professionally.
The SCSA holders are in high demand in larger sectors such as Telecommunication, Financial firms, Oil or even in Military and so on. It means that the will make some money more easily.
This certification, in general, measure the essential system-administration-management skills of Solaris operating system. And it’s also useful for technical application support staff who responsible for administering and maintaining a network server running on the Solaris operating system.

(image)
(image)

(image)

A Brief History of Solaris

2009-11-16T10:27:10.297+07:00

Solaris, the UNIX-based operating system developed by SUN Microsystem, was born in 1987. AT&T and SUN Microsystem tried to combine the leading Unix versions (BSD, XENIX, and System V) into one operating system.
In 1991, SUN Microsystem replaced it's existing Unix operating system (SunOS 4) with one based on SVR4, called Solaris 2.
Contained with many new advances, including use of the Open Network Computing (ONC) functionality, NIS+ and OpenWindows graphical user interface, Solaris 2 was specially designed for symmetric multiprocessing.

(image)
(image)

(image)

UNIX in a nutshell

2009-11-12T10:54:05.320+07:00

(image)
An operating system (or “OS”) is a set of programs that controls a computer. It controls both the hardware (things you can touch – keyboards, displays and disk drives) and the sotfware (application program that you run, such as a word processor).
Some computers have a single-user OS, which means only one person can use the computer at a time. Many older OSes (like DOS) can also do only one job at a time. But almost any computer can do a lot more if it has a multiuser, multitasking operating system like UNIX. These powerful OSes let many people use the computer at the same time and let each user run several jobs at once.Unix operating systems are widely used in both servers and workstations. The Unix environment and the client-server program model were essential elements in the development of the Internet and the reshaping of computing as centered in networks rather than in individual computers

(image)
(image)

(image)

Basic UNIX Command (part I)

2009-12-09T11:25:17.159+07:00

UNIX is an operating system developed by AT&T Bell LABS in 1969. Today the term Unix is used to describe any operating system that conforms to Unix standards, meaning the core operating system operates the same as the original Unix operating system. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, the influence of Unix in academic circles led to large-scale adoption of Unix (particularly of the BSD variant, originating from the University of California, Berkeley) by commercial startups, the most notable of which are Solaris, HP-UX and AIX. And I think, in order to mastering the SUN Solaris OS, we definitely need to know some of the very basic UNIX commands :DFirst thing to remember: UNIX is case-sensitive.COMMAND and command are not the sameFILES ls lists your files ls -l lists your files in 'long format', which contains lots of useful information, e.g. the exact size of the file, who owns the file and who has the right to look at it, and when it was last modified ls -a lists all files, including the ones whose filenames begin in a dot, which you do not always want to see more filename shows the first part of a file, just as much as will fit on one screen emacs filename is an editor that lets you create and edit a file mv filename1 filename2 moves a file cp filename1 filename2 copies a file rm filename removes a file. It is wise to use the option rm -i, which will ask you for confirmation diff filename1 filename2 compares files, and shows where they differ wc filename tells you how many lines, words, and characters there are in a file chmod options filename change the read, write, and execute permissions on your files gzip filename compresses files gunzip filename uncompresses files compressed by gzip gzcat filename lets you look at a gzipped file without actually having to gunzip it lpr filename print lpq check out the printer queue lprm jobnumber remove something from the printer queue genscript converts plain text files into postscript for printing dvips filename print .dvi files For further explanation check the manual page.root@ult10 # man command...to be continued [...]

WEBMIN

2009-11-11T11:52:41.785+07:00

Webmin is a web-based system configuration and administration tool for any Operating System, such as OpenSolaris, Linux and other *NIX-flavor systems, even now, Webmin can be installed and run on Microsoft Windows. You can configure many operating system internals, such as users, disk quotas, services, configuration files etc., as well as modify and control many open source apps, such as the Apache HTTP Server, PHP, MySQL, DNS, file sharing and much more.Webmin removes the need to manually edit Unix configuration files like /etc/passwd, /etc/inet.d.conf, and lets you manage a system from the console or remotelyWebmin is based on Perl, running as its own process and web server. It defaults to TCP port 10000 for communicating, and can be configured to use SSL if OpenSSL is installed with additional required Perl Modules.It is built around modules, which have an interface to the configuration files and the Webmin server. This makes it easy to add new functionality without much work. Due to Webmin's modular design, it would be possible for anyone who is interested to write plugins for desktop configuration.Webmin also allows for controlling many machines through a single interface, or seamless login on other webmin hosts on the same subnet or LAN.Webmin is primarily coded by Australian Jamie Cameron and released under the BSD licenseI'll show you how to install and use the tool. First, you should have the installer package, You can download the latest version hereI'm running the Webmin-tool inside SUN Ultra10 with Solaris 10 11/06After you get the package, unzip it.root@ult10 # cd package/root@ult10 # lsCSKamp_1.3.1_sparc.pkg CSKruntime_1.3.1_sparc.pkg webmin-1.490.pkg.gzroot@ult10 # gunzip webmin-1.490.pkg.gz root@ult10 # lsCSKamp_1.3.1_sparc.pkg CSKruntime_1.3.1_sparc.pkg webmin-1.490.pkgAdd the package and follow the next instruction until the package is installed completely.root@ult10 # pkgadd -d webmin-1.490.pkg The following packages are available: 1 WSwebmin Webmin - Web-based system administration (all) 1.490Select package(s) you wish to process (or 'all' to processall packages). (default: all) [?,??,q]: 1Processing package instance from Webmin - Web-based system administration(all) 1.490Webmin SoftwareThe selected base directory must exist beforeinstallation is attempted.Do you want this directory created now [y,n,?,q] yUsing as the package base directory.## Processing package information.## Processing system information.## Verifying disk space requirements.## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-userpermission during the process of installing this package.Do you want to continue with the installation of [y,n,?] yInstalling Webmin - Web-based system administration as ## Installing part 1 of 1./etc/init.d/webmin/opt/webmin/LICENCE/opt/webmin/LICENCE.ja/opt/webmin/README/opt/webmin/Webmin/All.pm/opt/webmin/Webmin/Button.pm/opt/webmin/Webmin/Checkbox.pm/opt/webmin/Webmin/Checkboxes.pm/opt/webmin/Webmin/Columns.pm/opt/webmin/Webmin/ConfirmPage.pm...(output truncated)Running postinstall scripts ..sh: syslog-ng: not found..doneAttempting to start Webmin mini web server..Starting Webmin server in /opt/webminPre-loaded WebminCore..done***********************************************************************Webmin has been installed and started successfully. Use your webbrowser to go to http://ult10:10000/and login with the name and password you entered previously.Installation of was successful.root@ult10 # After that, point your browser to http://webmin-installed-box:10000Login as root [...]

Configuring Apache, PHP and MySql in SOlaris 10

2009-11-03T13:30:02.734+07:00

I spent my whole week trying how to use file-sharing application such as Oliver webshare, PHP file mahager and bfExplorer. Those application are based on PHP (and MySql on bfExplorer) My box has apache2 in it. At the first time i thought Apache2 is enough to run those applications. But then I realized, THOSE APPLICATIONS ARE BASED ON PHP :DNot just Apache, but also I need to install PHP on it (MySQL is just a bonus :D) Lots of tutorial on how-to configure PHP on Solaris, but these time I'm gonna use a package called coolstack http://cooltools.sunsource.net/coolstack/index.html or you can get it hereFirst, login into your Solaris box as root1. Connecting to 192.168.1.150:23... Connection established. Escape character is '^@]'. login: root Password: Last login: Wed Nov 4 12:35:45 from 192.168.1.192 Sun Microsystems Inc. SunOS 5.10 Generic January 2005 You have mail. Sourcing //.profile-EIS..... root@u10 #2. Install the Coolstack package. CSKruntime first. root@u10 # bunzip CSKruntime_1.3.1_i386.pkg.bz2 root@u10 # pkgadd -d CSKruntime_1.3.1_i386.pkg3. Install the CSKamp package. root@u10 # bunzip CSKamp_1.3.1_i386.pkg.bz2 root@u10 # pkgadd -d CSKamp_1.3.1_i386.pkg4. Once the installation is completed, we can start to configure. Let's begin with the APACHE > The root document is located at /opt/coolstack/apache2/htdocs > The configuration file, binary, lib and so on are located at /opt/coolstack/apache2 > At first, there is no file such httpd.conf, what exists is httpd.conf-example > Rename the file to http.conf > You can customize the configuration file at /etc/coolstack/apache2/conf/httpd.conf > Start it root@u10 # svcadm enable apache22 > Check the service root@u10 # svcs | grep apache22 online 10:34:47 svc:/network/http:apache22-csk > Open your browser, go to http://your-solaris-box Now, configuring MySql > Export the PATH root@u10 # export PATH=/opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit/bin:$PATH > Install the database and create the user and the group root@u10 # /opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit/bin/mysql_install_db root@u10 # groupadd mysql root@u10 # useradd -c “MySQL Server” -g mysql mysql > Change the owner of the directory root@u10 # chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit root@u10 # cp /opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit/share/mysql/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf > Run it root@u10 # /opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit/bin/mysqld_safe & > Check the service root@u10 # ps -ef | grep mysql root 8530 15420 0 13:23:53 pts/2 0:00 grep mysql mysql 7341 7270 1 13:23:10 pts/3 0:01 /opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit/bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit --da root 7270 23464 0 13:23:09 pts/3 0:00 /bin/sh /opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit/bin/mysqld_safe > Set the root password for MySql root@u10 # /opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘yourpassword’ > Try to login into the MySql root@u10 # /opt/coolstack/mysql_32bit/bin/mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.1.25-rc-standard-log Source distribution Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> > Try to create a database mysql> create database mydata; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec) mysql> quit Bye Finally, the PHP5 > PHP5 automatically installed by the CSKampx.x.x > the directory is located at /opt/coolstack/php5 [...]

Implementing Quota in Solaris 10

2009-07-02T15:42:35.017+07:00

In Solaris, system administrator can control the size of the UFS file system by limiting the amount of disk space using quota. For this reason, quotas are especially useful on the file systems where user home directories reside. As a rule, public and /tmp file systems usually do not benefit as much from the establishment of quotas.Take a look at my example..root@fileserver # df -hFilesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0 53G 667M 52G 2% //devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devicesctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contractproc 0K 0K 0K 0% /procmnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttabswap 3.2G 1.6M 3.2G 1% /etc/svc/volatileobjfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/objectsharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s4 4.8G 3.5G 1.2G 75% /usr/platform/sun4u-us3/lib/libc_psr/libc_psr_hwcap1.so.1 53G 667M 52G 2% /platform/sun4u-us3/lib/libc_psr.so.1/platform/sun4u-us3/lib/sparcv9/libc_psr/libc_psr_hwcap1.so.1 53G 667M 52G 2% /platform/sun4u-us3/lib/sparcv9/libc_psr.so.1fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fdswap 3.2G 0K 3.2G 0% /tmpswap 3.2G 48K 3.2G 1% /var/run/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s5 4.8G 435M 4.3G 9% /opt/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s6 4.8G 4.9M 4.8G 1% /export/home/dev/md/dsk/d10 202G 64M 200G 1% /dataThere are 30 users will be using the /data directory. Each of the them will have 5GB disk space. To implement the quota on /data slice, first you need to make a file called qoutas under /data directory1. Change directory to /dataroot@fileserver # cd /data2. Create file called quotasroot@fileserver # touch quotas3. Edit the /etc/vfstab file and add rq to the mount options field for each UFS file system that will have quotas.root@fileserver # vi /etc/vfstab/dev/md/dsk/d10 /dev/md/rdsk/d10/data ufs 3 yes rq4. Change permissions to read/write for root access only on quotasroot@fileserver # chmod 600 quotas5. Set quotas for a userroot@fileserver # edquota kksYou'll see a file containing a description about the quotas allocation.fs /files blocks (soft = 0, hard = 0) inodes (soft = 0, hard = 0)I'm gonna set the quotas for each user around 5GB each.fs /files blocks (soft = 4500000, hard = 5000000) inodes (soft = 0, hard = 0)We call that user kks as a prototype to make another quotas for the rest of the users.6. root@fileserver # edquota -p kks trs ppa djk bsk ksn opr usk ren umm sdm umn wem tek usy int mar lpn kmp spi kpi jal huk kpn jdi cmo kpd dlk pku drk7. Check the quotasroot@fileserver # quotacheck -va*** Checking quotas for /dev/md/rdsk/d10 (/data)/dev/md/rdsk/d10: trs fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: ppa fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: djk fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: bsk fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: ksn fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: opr fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: usk fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: ren fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: umm fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: sdm fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: umn fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: wem fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: tek fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: usy fixed: files 0 -> 5 blocks 0 -> 10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: int fixed:[...]

RAID 0 in Solaris (Concate)

2009-11-23T10:42:19.101+07:00

A Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) configuration enables you to expand the characteristics od a storage volume beyond the physical limitations of a single disk. You can use a RAID configuration to increase disk capacity as well as to improve disk performance and fault tolerance.The Solaris Volume Manager software provides a graphical user interface (GUI) tool to simplify system administration tasks on storage devices. But I'm not gonna use GUI to perform the task. RAID is a classification of methods to back up and to store data on multiple disk drives. There are six levels of RAID as well as a non-redundant array of independent disks (RAID 0).The Solaris Volume Manager software uses metadevices, which are product-specific definitions of logical storage volumes, to implement RAID 0, RADI 1 and RAID 5 :> RAID 0 : Non-redundant disk array (concatenation and striping)> RAID 1 : Mirrored disk array> RAID 5 : Block-interleaved distributed-parityRAID-0 volumes, including both stripes and concatenations, are composed of slices and let you expand disk storage capacity. You can either use RAID-0 volumes directly or use the volumes as the building blocks for RAID-1 volume (mirrors). RAID-0 volumes allow you to expand disk storage capacity efficiently. These volumes do not provide data redundancy. If a single slice fails on a RAID-0 volume, there is a loss of data.There are two types of RAID-0 volumes:> Concatenated volumes (or concatenations)A concatenated volume writes data to the first available slice. When the first sliceis full, the volume writes data to the next available slice.> Striped volumes (or stripes)A stripe distributes data equally across all slices in the stripeI've written a tutorial on how to implement RAID 1 (Mirrored disk array) and now I'm gonna show you how to implement RAID 0 (in this case, the concatenation)Hardware specification:1. SUN Fire V2402. 4 x Disk (@ 72 GB)As you can see, I have a box along with 4 internal disks. On disk No. 1 I'll install the Operating System, and on the other disks, I'm gonna "unite" it logically so the system will read it as a one physical disk. One more thing, since we're using the Solaris Volume Manager, don't forget to spare some space in any slice (usually slice-7) to store the metadb file. Just around 128 Mb.1. Create initial state database replica.root@fileserver # metadb -a -f c1t0d0s72. Verify the creationroot@fileserver # metadb flags first blk block count a u 16 8192 /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s73. Configure the metadeviceroot@fileserver # metainit d10 3 1 c1t1d0s2 1 c1t2d0s2 1 c1t3d0s2d10: Concat/Stripe is setup- d10 is just the name- 3 means that we're gonna make it using 3 slices- 1 (from) c1t1d0s2, 1 (from) c1t2d0s2 and 1 (from) c1t3d0s2- we use the slice 2 because we want to use all the three physical disks read as one logical disk.4. Don't forget to create a new file-system on the concatenated disk.root@fileserver # newfs /dev/md/rdsk/d10/dev/md/rdsk/d10: Unable to find Media type. Proceeding with system determined parameters.newfs: /dev/md/rdsk/d10 last mounted as /datanewfs: construct a new file system /dev/md/rdsk/d10: (y/n)? y/dev/md/rdsk/d10: Unable to find Media type. Proceeding with system determined parameters.Warning: 3264 sector(s) in last cylinder unallocated/dev/md/rdsk/d10: 430027584 sectors in 69992 cylinders of 48 tracks, 128 sectors 209974.4MB in 4375 cyl groups (16 c/g, 48.00MB/g, 5824 i/g)super-block backups (for fsck -F ufs -o b=#) at: 32, 98464, 196896, 295328, 393760, 492192, 590624, 689056, 787488, 885920,Initializing cylinder groups:.......................................................................................super-block backups for last 10 cylinder groups at: 429098656, 429197088, 429295520, 429393952, 429492384, [...]

Service Management Facility

2009-06-18T12:55:09.875+07:00

UNIX operating systems have traditionally included a set of services. Services can be described as a software programs not associated with any interactive user login that listen for and respond to request to perform certain tasks, such as webmin service, delivering email, responding to ssh request or permitting command execution.These services are usually individual applications that executed as a single process that started at boot time and executed continuously while a system was up and running, servicing any request that were received.Here, I'll show you some of services and how to enable it.List all services known to system and current statusroot@ultra60 # svcs -adisabled 9:52:26 svc:/application/x11/xvnc-inetd:defaultdisabled 9:52:26 svc:/network/swat:defaultonline 9:51:32 svc:/system/svc/restarter:defaultonline 9:51:34 svc:/network/loopback:defaultonline 9:51:37 svc:/network/pfil:defaultonline 9:51:37 svc:/network/tnctl:defaultonline 9:51:39 svc:/system/installupdates:defaultonline 9:51:40 svc:/milestone/name-services:defaultonline 9:51:43 svc:/network/physical:defaultYou'll see something like that (it's a long list, sorry... :D )Enable the webmin service (long FMRI)root@ultra60 # svcadm svc:/application/management/webmin:defaultDisable the webmin service (short name)root@ultra60 # svcadm disable webminList details of the ssh(d) serviceroot@ultra60 # svcs -l sshfmri svc:/network/ssh:defaultname SSH serverenabled truestate onlinenext_state nonestate_time Thu Jun 18 09:52:28 2009logfile /var/svc/log/network-ssh:default.logrestarter svc:/system/svc/restarter:defaultcontract_id 61dependency require_all/none svc:/system/filesystem/local (online)dependency optional_all/none svc:/system/filesystem/autofs (online)dependency require_all/none svc:/network/loopback (online)dependency require_all/none svc:/network/physical (online)dependency require_all/none svc:/system/cryptosvc (online)dependency require_all/none svc:/system/utmp (online)dependency require_all/restart file://localhost/etc/ssh/sshd_config (online)Restart the ssh(d) serviceroot@ultra60 # svcadm restart sshVerify that the AutoFS service is runningroot@ultra60 # svcs system/filesystem/autofsSTATE STIME FMRIonline 9:52:28 svc:/system/filesystem/autofs:defaultVerify that the multiuser server milestone has been reachedroot@ultra60 # svcs multi-user-serverSTATE STIME FMRIonline 9:56:22 svc:/milestone/multi-user-server:defaultDisable the telnetd service (Use -e for enable)root@ultra60 # inetadm -d telnet [...]

Complete vi command

2009-06-30T23:13:08.233+07:00

In Solaris, everything is treated as file. If you want to configure the network, you need to edit a file. Add a user, you need to edit a file as well. Or maybe you want to create a script, you definitely need to write it in a file.Solaris provides an editor called "vi" Very powerful editor. The format may not be the same like any other editor (such as: notepad or maybe editplus) So difficult at the first, but when you're getting used to, you'll find that the vi editor will make you feel like the real command-liner.Notes: * denotes the Esc key, and denotes the Enter key. * The expression means that you should enter a command, means that you should enter a filename, and means that you should enter a character or number. * The symbol ^ (caret) means that you should hold down the Ctrl key while pressing the indicated letter.Here are the complete vi command, categorized by function...Cutting and Pasting / Deleting text" Specify a buffer to be used any of the commands using buffers. Follow the " with a letter or a number, which corresponds to a buffer. D Delete to the end of the line from the current cursor position. P Paste the specified buffer before the current cursor position or line. If no buffer is specified (with the " command.) then 'P' uses the general buffer. X Delete the character before the cursor. Y Yank the current line into the specified buffer. If no buffer is specified, then the general buffer is used. d Delete until where. "dd" deletes the current line. A count deletes that many lines. Whatever is deleted is placed into the buffer specified with the " command. If no buffer is specified, then the general buffer is used. p Paste the specified buffer after the current cursor position or line. If no buffer is specified (with the " command.) then 'p' uses the general buffer. x Delete character under the cursor. A count tells how many characters to delete. The characters will be deleted after the cursor. y Yank until , putting the result into a buffer. "yy" yanks the current line. a count yanks that many lines. The buffer can be specified with the " command. If no buffer is specified, then the general buffer is used. Inserting new textA Append at the end of the current line. I Insert from the beginning of a line. O (letter oh) Enter insert mode in a new line above the current cursor position. a Enter insert mode, the characters typed in will be inserted after the current cursor position. A count inserts all the text that had been inserted that many times. i Enter insert mode, the characters typed in will be inserted before the current cursor position. A count inserts all the text that had been inserted that many times. o Enter insert mode in a new line below the current cursor position. Moving the cursor within the file^B Scroll backwards one page. A count scrolls that many pages. ^D Scroll forwards half a window. A count scrolls that many lines. ^F Scroll forwards one page. A count scrolls that many pages. ^H Move the cursor one space to the left. A count moves that many spaces. ^J Move the cursor down one line in the same column. A count moves that many lines down. ^M Move to the first character on the next line. ^N Move the cursor down one line in the same column. A count moves that many lines down. ^P Move the cursor up one line in the same column. A count moves that many lines up. ^U Scroll backwards half a window. A count scrolls that many lines. $ Move the cursor to the end of the current line. A count moves to the end of the following lines. % Move the cursor to the matching parenthesis or brace. ^ Move the cursor to the first non-whitespace character. ( Move the cursor to the beginning of a sentence. ) Move th[...]

Solaris Networking

2009-06-12T10:57:20.720+07:00

Just a little note on Solaris networking..dladm show-dev : show network interfaces currently installed on system, speed and duplexifconfig -aZ : list network interfaces from the global zone only /etc/defaultdomain : Set the default NIS domain name, if any, if it changed./etc/defaultrouter : Set the default router's IP address, if it changed./etc/hostname.le0 : (or .hme0 or ?) Update if the hostname changed./etc/hostname6.le0 : (or .hme0 or ?) Ditto, if you use IPv6./etc/dhcp.le0 : Touch or remove, if you are (or are not) using DHCP/etc/hostname6.ip.tun0 : Update if you use a IPv4/IPv6 tunnel (e.g., 6bone)/etc/nodename : Update if the hostname changed./etc/nsswitch.conf : Update if your name resolution method/order changed. Copy /etc/nsswitch.dns to /etc/nsswitch.conf if you use DNS instead of (rarely used) NIS./etc/resolv.conf : Update if your name servers/domain changed (DNS only)./etc/inet/hosts : Make sure your IP address is updated or added here. List your FQDN is first, before the short hostname. E.g., "192.168.128.64 foo.bar.com foo"/etc/inet/ipnodes : IPv6 version of hosts file (Solaris 8+)./etc/inet/netmasks : Set your network number & netmask, if it changed./etc/inet/networks : Set your network name, if it changed./etc/net/ticlts/hosts : For the streams-level loopback interface./etc/net/ticots/hosts : For the streams-level loopback interface./etc/net/ticotsord/hosts : For the streams-level loopback interface. [...]

Solaris 10 Zone

2009-06-11T15:28:33.423+07:00

Zone is a virtual operating system environment created within a single instance of the Solaris operating system.Zone allow virtual environments to run on the same physical system. If you are familliar with VMWare or SUN xVM Virtual box then you know the concept.1. login to a terminal as rootroot@ultra60 # 2. check the current status of the zones using zoneadm commandroot@ultra60 # zoneadm list -v ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / native sharedAs you can see, the box has non-global zone installed3. I'll create a non-global zone called zone1root@ultra60 # zonecfg -z zone1zone1: No such zone configuredUse 'create' to begin configuring a new zone.zonecfg:zone1> createzonecfg:zone1> set zonepath=/export/zone/1zonecfg:zone1> set autoboot=truezonecfg:zone1> add netzonecfg:zone1:net> set address=192.168.1.179zonecfg:zone1:net> set physical qfe0zonecfg:zone1:net> endzonecfg:zone1>zonecfg:zone1> verifyzonecfg:zone1> commitzonecfg:zone1> exit4. After the 'exit' step, the zone1 zone is now in 'configured' state. root@ultra60 # zoneadm list -vc ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / native shared - zone1 configured /export/zone/1 native shared5. You can see the information about the zoneroot@ultra60 # zonecfg -z zone1 infozonename: zone1zonepath: /export/zone/1brand: nativeautoboot: truebootargs: pool: limitpriv: scheduling-class: ip-type: sharedinherit-pkg-dir: dir: /libinherit-pkg-dir: dir: /platforminherit-pkg-dir: dir: /sbininherit-pkg-dir: dir: /usrnet: address: 192.168.1.179 physical: hme1 defrouter not specified6. The next step is to install the zone.root@ultra60 # zoneadm -z zone1 installPreparing to install zone .Creating list of files to copy from the global zone.Copying files to the zone.Initializing zone product registry.Determining zone package initialization order.Preparing to initialize packages on the zone.Initializing package of : percent complete: 0% Initializing package of : percent complete: 0% Initializing package of : percent complete: 0% Initializing package of : percent complete: 0%...Initializing package of : percent complete: 99% Initializing package of : percent complete: 99% Initialized packages on zone. Zone is initialized.Installation of packages was skipped.Installation of these packages generated warnings: The file contains a log of the zone installation.7. Check the statusroot@ultra60 # zoneadm list -vc ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / native shared - zone1 installed /export/zone/1 native shared8. Boot the zoneroot@ultra60 # zoneadm -z zone1 boot9. Login into the zoneroot@ultra60 # zlogin -C zone110. Since this is the first time that this zone is being booted up, some initial configurations needs to be performed------------------------------------------Begin------------------------------------------------What type of terminal are you using? 1) ANSI Standard CRT 2) DEC VT52 3) DEC VT100 4) Heathkit 19 5) Lear Siegler ADM31 6) PC Console 7) Sun Command Tool 8) Sun Workstation 9) Televideo 910 10) Televideo 925 11) Wyse Model 50 12) X Terminal Emulator (xterms) 13) CDE Terminal Emulator (dtterm) 14) OtherType the number of your choice and press Return: 3Creating new rsa public/private host key pairCreating new dsa public/private host key pairConfiguring network interface addresses: qfe0.Host [...]

Jump Start in Solaris 10

2009-06-08T15:51:18.159+07:00

Jumpstart is another method for Solaris installation. Why should we use Jumpstart method instead of the normal installation?
Jumpstart installation allow you to install numerous SUN-box in just one-execution. This method, absolutely, will reduce the time and effort in Solaris installation.


Here's the tutorial

1. Create a new directory to store the image.
# mkdir –p /export/install/

2. Copy image from CD/DVD
# cd /cdrom/Solaris_10_606/Tools
# ./setup_install_server /export/install

3. Create the jumpstart directory
# mkdir /jumpstart

4. Copy the sample
# cp –r /export/install/sparc_10_606/Solaris_10_606/Misc/jumpstart_sample /jumpstart

5. Share jumpstart direcroty
# vi /etc/dfs/dfstab
share –F nfs –o ro,anon=0 /jumpstart
# shareall

6. Create profile in /jumpstart directory
# vi profile1
install_type initial_install
system_type standalone
partitioning default
cluster SUNWCprog
filesys c0t0d0s0 free /
filesys c0t0d0s0 512 swap

7. Edit rules file in /jumpstart
hostname (nama_host) – profile1 –

8. Validate the rules file
# cd /jumpstart
./check

9. Set-up to start installing from the jumpstart server
# cd /export/install/sparc_10_606/Solaris_10_606/Tools
# ./add_install_client –c (nama_server):/jumpstart (nama_client) sun4u

10. From the client machine
# boot net - install

(image)
(image)

(image)

Sharing resources between Ubuntu and Solaris

2009-06-08T15:38:10.705+07:00

Let me show you how to share (in this case) DVD-ROM between Ubuntu and Solaris.


1. Choose the folder that you want to share (DVD-ROM)

2. edit /etc/exports
# sudo vi /etc/exports

3. Replace (rw) to (ro,async)

4. Restart the service

# sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart

5. On Solaris box

$ mount -F nfs -o vers=2 :/media/cdrom0 /a

(image)
(image)

(image)

Koneksi internet di Solaris

2009-06-08T15:32:35.717+07:00

Setelah sempet klimpungan karena gak bisa konek inet di Solaris dan setelah bertanya ke mang Gugu maka akhirnya ditemukan jawabannya (halah...)


Step-by-step nya:

1. # vi /etc/nsswitch.conf
host : files dns

2. # vi /etc/resolv.conf (file baru)
namaserver xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

3. # vi /etc/defaultrouter (file baru)
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -> host IP address
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -> gateway IP address

Catatan :
1. Feel free to add some comment
2. Gue masih belum tau caranya koneksi inet di Solaris pake wifi.. Cari drivernya suse banget da ah...

(image)
(image)

(image)

Upgrading Java version (JSE) in Solaris

2009-06-08T15:32:35.717+07:00

I'm going to show you how to up-grade your java version in Solaris 10..
First of all, check your current version


root@u10 # java -version
java version "1.5.0_07"
Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (build 1.5.0_07-b03)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.5.0_07-b03, mixed mode, sharing)
root@u10 #

Here, we can see that the java version in my box is 1.5.0_07
We want to up-grade the latest version. You can get the latest version from here. In this tutorial, I'm going to up-grade the java into 6update3. The file named jdk-6u3-solaris-sparc.tar.Z


Unzip the file in any folder (/tmp for example)

root@u10 # gunzip jdk-6u3-solaris-sparc.tar.Z

It will create the gunzip jdk-6u3-solaris-sparc.tar
Untar the file

root@u10 # tar xvf jdk-6u3-solaris-sparc.tar

The result :

root@u10 # ls
COPYRIGHT SUNWj6rt
LICENSE SUNWjavadb-client
README.html SUNWjavadb-common
SUNWj6cfg SUNWjavadb-core
SUNWj6dev SUNWjavadb-demo
SUNWj6dmo SUNWjavadb-docs
SUNWj6jmp SUNWjavadb-javadoc
SUNWj6man

Add the package

root@u10 # pkgadd -d /tmp

Solaris will perform the package installation. Just follow all the steps.
After that check the /usr/jdk folder

root@u10 # cd /usr/jdk
root@u10 # ls
instances jdk1.5.0_07 latest
j2sdk1.4.2_12 jdk1.6.0_03 packages

You'll see the new folder named jdk1.6.0_03. That's the new folder Solaris made after the pkgadd command.
In Solaris, java reside in /usr/java
Change your directory to /usr

root@u10 # cd /usr
root@u10 # ls -ltr java
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root other 15 Sep 12 21:48 java -> jdk/jdk1.5.0_07

As you can see, /usr/java is a link to /usr/jdk/jdk1.5.0_07 folder. Remember the current version of java.. That's right, 1.5.0_07 is the current version.
Next step is, change the link destination to /usr/jdk/jdk1.6.0_03

root@u10 # rm java (remove the current link)
root@u10 # ln -s jdk/jdk1.5.0_03 java (create new link)
root@u10 # ls -ltr java
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Nov 28 22:35 java -> jdk/jdk1.6.0_03

The link has been created.
And the step, check your current java version

root@u10 # java -version
java version "1.6.0_03"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_03-b05)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.6.0_03-b05, mixed mode, sharing)

(image)
(image)

(image)

Backup O/S in Solaris

2009-06-08T15:32:35.718+07:00

I've got DLT7000 (Magnetic Tape drive) at my office as the backup device. I'm gonna test it before send it to my customer. The easy way is to perform O/S backup. I'm using SUN Ultra 60, Solaris 5.8 using ufsrestore and ufsdump command. Btw, it's full backup


Step-by-Step:

1.Go to the single-user mode
# init -s

2.Check the partition consistency
# fsck –m /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0

3.Check the status of the tape
# mt status

4.Rewind the tape
# mt –f /dev/mnt/0 rew

5.Perform full backup backup
# ufsdump 0vf /dev/rmt/0n /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0

That's it.. The process will take some time because of the tape is working in sequential way.

How to restore:

1.Go to single-user via the cdrom
ok> boot cdrom –s

2.Create the same partition on the new disk

3.Create new file system on every slices
# newfs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0
# newfs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s6
.
.
.

4.Create new directory in /tmp/root/a
# mkdir /tmp

5.Mount c0t0d0s0 to /mnt
# mount c0t0d0s0 /mnt

6.Check tape status
# mt –f /dev/rmt/0 status

7.Rewind the tape if u'r not sure
# mt –f /dev/rmt/0 rew

8.Change directory to /mnt
# cd /mnt

9.Execute the process
# ufsrestore rvf /dev/rmt/0n

10.After completed the process, don't forget to create the bootblock
# cd /tmp/usr/platform/'uname -m'/lib/fs/ufs
# installboot bootblk /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0

11. Try it by rebooting the system

PS: Don't forget to edit the /etc/vfstab

(image)
(image)

(image)

RAID 1 in Solaris

2009-06-08T15:32:35.718+07:00

Hardware :1. Ultra 602. 512 Mhz3. Compaq 72 GB (2 pcs)a.c0t0d0b.c0t1d04. Solaris 9Step-by-step:1. Look at the configuration for each mount-point.# more /etc/vfstab#device device mount FS fsck mount mount#to mount to fsck point type pass at boot options#fd - /dev/fd fd - no -/proc - /proc proc - no -/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1 - - swap - no -/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 / ufs 1 no -/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s5 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s5 /usr ufs 1 no -/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s6 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s6 /export/home ufs 2 yes -/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s4 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s4 /opt ufs 2 yes -swap - /tmp tmpfs - yes -4. Look at the partition that to be mirrored# formatPart Tag Flag Cylinders Size Block 0 root wm 0 - 1362 3.30GB (1363/0/0) 69240401 swap wu 1363 - 1775 1.00GB (413/0/0) 2098040 2 backup wm 0 - 28001 67.83GB (28002/0/0) 142250160 3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm 1776 - 1781 14.88MB (6/0/0) 30480 5 usr wm 1782 - 3064 3.11GB (1283/0/0) 6517640 6 home wm 3065 - 27920 60.21GB (24856/0/0) 1262684807 unassigned wm 27921 – 28001 200.92MB (81/0/0) 4114805. Make a copy of the VTOC (Volume Table of Content) containing information about the partition of the first disk.# prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2 | fmthard –s - /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s26. Create metadb (file that will handle all the configuration of the mirror) Usually on the 7th slice# metadb –a –c 3 –f c0t0d0s7 c0t1d0s77.Create virtual devices on every slices.# metainit -f d11 1 1 c0t0d0s0d11: Concat/Stripe is setup# metainit -f d12 1 1 c0t1d0s0d12: Concat/Stripe is setup# metainit d10 -m d11d10: Mirror is setup# metainit -f d21 1 1 c0t0d0s1d21: Concat/Stripe is setup# metainit -f d22 1 1 c0t1d0s1d22: Concat/Stripe is setup# metainit d20 -m d21d20: Mirror is setup# metainit -f d31 1 1 c0t0d0s5d31: Concat/Stripe is setup# metainit -f d32 1 1 c0t1d0s5d32: Concat/Stripe is setup# metainit d30 -m d31d30: Mirror is setup# metainit -f d41 1 1 c0t0d0s6d41: Concat/Stripe is setup# metainit -f d42 1 1 c0t1d0s6d42: Concat/Stripe is setup# metainit d40 -m d41d40: Mirror is setup8. We need to inform the OS that the root is on virtual device not on the disk anymore.# metaroot d109. Restart the server# init 610. Add virtual device from disk number two to the appropriate mirror.# metattach d10 d12d10: submirror d12 is attached# metattach d20 d22d20: submirror d22 is attached# metattach d30 d32d30: submirror d32 is attached# metattach d40 d42d40: submirror d42 is attached11. Look at the status# metastatd40: MirrorSubmirror 0: d41State: OkaySubmirror 1: d42State: ResyncingResync in progress: 0 % donePass: 1Read option: roundrobin (default)Write option: parallel (default)Size: 126268480 blocks (60 GB)d41: Submirror of d40State: OkaySize: 126268480 blocks (60 GB)Stripe 0:Device Start Block Dbase State Reloc Hot Sparec0t0d0s6 0 No Okay Yesd42: Submirror of d40State: ResyncingSize: 126268480 blocks (60 GB)Stripe 0:Device Start Block Dbase State Reloc Hot Sparec0t1d0s6 0 No Okay Yesd30: MirrorSubmirror 0: d31State: OkaySubmirror 1: d32State: ResyncingResync in progress: 1 % donePass: 1Read option: roundrobin (default)Write option: parallel (default)Size: 6517640 blocks (3.1 GB)d31: Submirror of d30State: OkaySize: 6517640 blocks (3.1 GB)Stripe 0:Device Start Block Dbase State Reloc Hot Sparec0t0d0s5 0 No Okay Yesd32: Submirror of d30State: ResyncingSize: 6517640 blocks (3.1 GB)Stripe 0:Device Start Block Dbase State Reloc Hot Sparec0t1d0s5 0 No Okay Yesd20: MirrorSubmirror 0: d21State: OkaySubmirror 1: d22State: ResyncingResync in progress: 9 % donePass: 1Read option: roundrobin (default)Write option: parallel (def[...]

Uninstalling ORACLE 10R2 in Solaris

2009-06-14T08:38:53.496+07:00

I want to make a post about how to install Oracle R2 on Solaris. But since my box is installed, I have to remove it first. Friend of mine told me that removing Oracle in Solaris is easy. You just delete the folder that contains Oracle. But it's not that simple eventhough. When I tried it, it was not that simple. Lot's of things need to be considered..
There's a saver method on how to uninstall Oracle on Solaris... I'll show you

(image)
(image)

(image)

Comments (0) - Read and Add your own Comments